最後更新於： 8th-11-2021
CMAS每年在多地舉辦多項自由潛水的國際賽事，為免引起任何賽果爭論，賽事都會有嚴謹和指定的規則供參賽者遵守，
而裁判亦會根據賽事規則的條文進行對參賽者的評核，包括任何於賽事作出的結果挑戰。
選手必須要細閱全部的比賽規例，以避免在比賽過程中遇上扣分或取消資格的可能。
以下是在「泳池」進行自由潛水比賽時的所有規則，電腦版使用者可以善用快速鍵搜尋單一的規則字眼：
Mac：Command + F
Window：Ctrl + F
*文章內容為官方中文、英文對釋版本。*
通則
(GENERAL RULES)
概述 (General)
自由潛水
(Free Diving)
「自由潛水」是一項以「閉氣」進行的體育運動，運動員保持閉氣並將呼吸道沒入水下。
The term “Free Diving” designates a sports event in “Apnea” where the athlete holds his breath keeping the breathing airways below the surface of the water.
賽事、競賽項目 和 參賽項目
(Competition, Event and Attempt)
- 賽事 (Competition)：
指一次自由潛水比賽活動，其中可包含幾項比賽項目。
The term Competition is used to indicate a Free Diving meeting, which may comprise several disciplines. - 競賽項目 (Event)：
構成賽事的每一種比賽。
The term Event indicates each of the contests making up a competition. - 嘗試行為 (Attempt)：
運動員所作的單一個行動 ，例如一次動態游動，或一次靜態閉氣。The term attempt designates a single action of the athlete. For instance, one dynamic course or one static apnea.
- 成績 (Performance)：
指運動員進行單一個深度行動的結果，通常以公尺或英呎表示。
Performance is the result of the athlete’s attempt in depth, measured in meters or feet.
腳蹼的使用
(Use of fins)
- 運動員可以使用單蹼或雙蹼參賽 (無蹼項目除外)。
The athlete may use a monofin or bi-fins (except for no-fin events). - 如果使用腳蹼，則僅能靠運動員的自身肌肉力量提供動力， 禁止借助任何機械外力，也禁止任何由肌肉觸發而產生的任何機械外力。
When fins are used, they must be powered only by the muscular power of the athlete, without use of any mechanism, even if the latter is activated by the muscles. - 在雙蹼的競賽項目中，除了要注意腳蹼材質，還要注意踢蹼方式，除非在出發和轉身後的3 公尺區域內，否則不得使用“豚式踢法”的方式游動。如果運動員作出一次豚式踢法，則每踢動一次將會受到「常規處罰 (General penalty)」 (一次踢動包括一次上踢和一次下踢)。
In bi-fins events it is not only the material that matters but also the swimming style: no dolphin kick is allowed except in the 3 meter zone at the start and turning zones. If the athlete practices a dolphin kick then a general penalty is applied for each cycle (one cycle is up and down).
豚式踢法 (在自由潛水中)
Dolphin kick (in Free Diving)
- 雙腿上下同時踢動。一個週期包含一次上踢和一次下踢。
A kick in which the legs move up and down together. The up and down motion constitutes one cycle.
游泳 (在自由潛水中)
Swimming (in Free Diving)
- 在水中只能透過肢體運動產生動力向前游動。
Propelling oneself through water using movements of the limbs.
准許使用的用品
(Authorized Material)
- 面鏡或泳鏡。
Mask or goggles. - 鼻夾。
Nose clip. - 潛水服。
Diving suit. - 運動員可以使用個人配重。如果使用配重，必須具有「快卸系統」，且必須置於潛水服外面。任何情況下，不得把配重藏於潛水服裡面。運動員有權利在進行單一個行動時或執行「出水程序」時丟棄配重。
The athletes may use their personal weight. If a weight is used, the athlete must necessarily use it with a quick release system and must wear it over his clothing. In no case may the athletes have weights hidden under their clothing. The athletes have the right to leave their weights during the attempt or during the surface protocol.
年齡組別
(Categories)
- 官方比賽是開放給年滿18 歲的男性及/或女性，50 歲以上的運動員可參加「長青組 (Masters Category)」，他們仍可參加相同的比賽項目，但是會列為不同組別。「長青組 (Master)」的運動員可以提出需求，要求參加「壯年組 (Seniors)」而不參加「長青組 (Master)」。
The official competitions are organized for men and/or women, who are at least 18 years old. Athletes over 50 years can participate at Masters Category. They can compete in the same competition but will have a different classification. A Master athlete, if he wants, can ask for participation at Seniors category instead of Master
比賽項目
(Disciplines)
動態閉氣 (Dynamic)
- 運動員用閉氣方式將身體維持在水面以下，為達到水下最遠水平距離的比賽項目。
Dynamic is a discipline where the athlete aims to cover the maximal horizontal distance by keeping the body below the surface of the water in apnea. - 此比賽項目可在游泳池或開放水域舉行，可使用或不使用腳蹼。有三個組別：DYN (單蹼及/或雙蹼) DBF (僅雙蹼)為分開的比賽項目，或DNF (無蹼)。
This discipline can be conducted in a swimming-pool or in open water with the use of fins or without fins. There are three categories: DYN ( monofin and/or bifins) DBF (bi-fins only) as separate competitions or DNF (without fins).
靜態閉氣 (Static)
- 指運動員以最長持續閉氣時間為目標，閉氣是指在水面下屏住呼吸。
Static is a discipline where the athlete aims to perform a maximum duration in “Apnea”. Apnea is holding breath below the water surface
速度－耐力 (Speed-Endurance)
- 速度－耐力項目是指運動員盡可能在最短時間內完成既定距離的閉氣游動。該項目在游泳池進行，以游泳池的長度為單位，只有在游泳池的末端可以進行恢復調整。
Speed – Endurance are disciplines where the athlete aims to cover a fixed distance at the minimum possible time. The event is conducted in a swimming pool and is swum in fractions of a pool length alternating apnea swimming with passive recovery at the pool’s ends. - 此項目比賽需使用腳蹼，可使用單蹼或雙蹼在單一組別進行比賽，意思就是雙蹼的游動方式是不受限制的。
This discipline is swum with fins, without distinction between bi-fins and monofin and with a single classification, which means that the style of swimming with bi- fins is free. - 速度－耐力項目比賽的距離通常是：速度：2×50 公尺，耐力： 8×50 公尺和16×50 公尺。
The typical distances of speed-endurance are Speed 2x50m and Endurance 8x50m and 16x50m.
純氧的使用
(Use of Oxygen)
- 在進行單一個行動前，嚴禁使用純氧進行呼吸。如果運動員違規使用純氧或超量氧氣混合氣，將會立即被取消比賽資格，並暫停參加CMAS 比賽和錦標賽，停賽時間將由世界水中運動聯盟決定。
Before the attempt the use of oxygen is strictly forbidden. An athlete who has been declared guilty of the use of oxygen or of a mixture with excess oxygen will be immediately disqualified and will be subjected to a procedure of suspension from participation in the CMAS competitions and championships for a period which will be defined by the Confederation.
取消比賽資格 (DQ) – 失去意識 – 暈厥（Black Out，簡稱BO）
DQ – Loss of Consciousness- Black Out (BO)
- 如果運動員無法完成在20 秒內完成「出水程序 (Surface Protocol)」或者在20 秒前、20 秒期間、20 秒之後需要協助，則取消比賽資格。
The athlete will be disqualified if he cannot complete the Surface Protocol within the 20 seconds, or if he needs help, before, during or after the 20 seconds - 如果運動員在水面出現「失去意識–暈厥」，則取消比賽資格， 而且必須經過醫師檢查後由醫師決定此運動員是否可繼續進行隔日和之後的比賽。
In case of loss of Consciousness-Black Out at surface the athlete will be disqualified. He must be examined by a doctor who will decide if the athlete is able to continue the competition the next day(s) - 如果運動員在水下出現「失去意識–暈厥」，則取消比賽資格， 而且不准參加隔日的比賽，運動員必須經過醫師檢查，並取得醫師許可後，才可繼續進行後天的比賽。
In case of underwater Black Out, the athlete will be disqualified and will not be allowed to compete the next day. The athlete must be examined by a doctor and can continue the competition the day after the next only with the doctor’s approval.
男性代詞的使用
(Use of male pronoun)
- 本規則所有內容中有關於人的稱呼，為了便於表述，均使用男性代名詞，但不代表性別的具體定義。在賽事中的所有參加人員，無論是什麼角色，都可為任一性別。
In what follows the male pronoun will be used throughout. It goes without saying that this is done solely in order to avoid awkward formulations and it is perfectly understood that all persons participating at a competition, with whatever role, may be of either sex.
廣告
(Advertisement)
- 所有比賽中，包括國際錦標賽，均允許佩戴附有廣告的腳蹼或面鏡，對此沒有限制。
For all competitions and international championships, the wearing of advertising on the fins and mask is authorized without restriction. - 廣告同樣可以附在衣服上，但是在參加國際錦標賽時，運動員有義務穿著自己國家的官方隊服出席相關儀式。
Advertising is also allowed on the clothing, but it is nevertheless made clear that when international championships take place, athletes are obliged to present themselves for ceremonies in the official apparel of their national team.
判罰
(Penalty)
- 違反規則，將會按照本規則相關規定受到「常規處罰 (general penalty)」。動態自由潛水的「常規處罰」包括從運動員比賽成績 (距離) 中減去3 公尺。速度－耐力項目的「常規處罰」為運動員最終時間的10%。
Whenever a rule is violated in a way precisely defined in the corresponding articles a general penalty is applied. In the case of dynamic free diving the general penalty consists in subtracting 3 (three) meter from the performance realized by the athlete. In the case of speed-endurance events the general penalty is equal to 10 % of the final time.
犯規
(Violation of the rules)
- 除非在相對應條款中另有規定 (判罰或常規處罰)，否則犯規將被取消比賽資格。
The violation of rules leads to disqualification from the event unless otherwise (penalty or general penalty) is specified at the corresponding article.
賽事和紀錄認證
(Competitions and record homologations)
- 賽事及紀錄認證，須按照CMAS 官方最新公佈的「錦標賽程序 (Procedures of Championships) 」和「挑戰紀錄合約 (Contract for Record Attempts) 」文件檔。
Competitions and record homologations are subject to latest versions of “Procedures of Championships” and “Contract for Record Attempts” documents available on the CMAS website.
程序 (Protocols)
開始程序
(Start protocol)
- 允許參賽的運動員必須在賽前一小時到達由裁判長 (Chief Judge) 所指定的區域，例如靠近競賽區域的暖身區。
The athletes admitted to the competition must be present one hour prior to the start at the place defined by Chief Judge such as in the warm-up area which is situated near the competition area. - 運動員必須在賽前30 分鐘(至倒數三分鐘前)由檢錄裁判 (Warm-Up Judge) 安排，並由檢錄裁判通知出發裁判 (Starting Judge)。
Thirty (30) minutes before their start (of the last three minutes) the athletes must be at the disposal of the Warm-Up Judge who will so inform the Start Judge. - 運動員只允許在賽前30 分鐘內下水。
Only at the period of last 30 (thirty) minutes before his start, the athletes are allowed to go inside the water. - 運動員之間比賽相隔時間為最少5 分鐘。
The athletes will start every 5 (five) minutes minimum. - 如果同時使用多條泳道比賽，則同時開始比賽。
In the case of existence of several competition lanes the competition will start at the same time. - 當裁判指示運動員進入比賽出發區時，表示開始進行單一個行動。
The attempt begins when the judge informs the athlete that he must go to the start area. - 運動員在沒入水前有3 分鐘的準備時間。如果比賽出發區域不會影響前一位運動員比賽，則可向裁判申請提前進入出發區。
The athlete will then have three minutes to prepare himself to immerse. If the start point is free from the previous athlete, the athlete may come there earlier by asking the judge. - 發令員按照以下順序提醒 「開始時間」：
He will be reminded of the time by the starter：- 最後3 分鐘/ 2 分鐘/ 1.5 分鐘/ 1 分鐘/ 30 秒/ 20 秒/ 10 秒/ 5、4、3、2、1 / Top Time (比賽正式開始時間) / +10 秒/ +20 秒/ +25、26、27、28、29、30。
Last 3 minutes / 2 minutes / 1.5 minutes / 1 minute / 30s / 20s / 10s / 5, 4, 3, 2, 1 / Top Time / +10s / +20s / +25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30. - 運動員可以從「Top Time」到+30 秒之間的任意時間開始。在此時間範圍內，如果呼吸道沒有沒入水中，則取消比賽資格 (速度－耐力項目除外)。
The athlete can start from Top Time to +30s (30s window). If the breathing airways are not in the water at the count of +30s, he is disqualified (except in Speed and Endurance).
- 最後3 分鐘/ 2 分鐘/ 1.5 分鐘/ 1 分鐘/ 30 秒/ 20 秒/ 10 秒/ 5、4、3、2、1 / Top Time (比賽正式開始時間) / +10 秒/ +20 秒/ +25、26、27、28、29、30。
- 運動員不可在「Top Time (比賽正式開始時間)」之前開始，否則他將被取消比賽資格。
The athlete is not allowed to start before the “Top Time” or else he will be disqualified. - 在速度－耐力項目中，計時員從「Top Time」開始計時。
In speed-endurance disciplines, the time keepers start the chronometers at the ” Top Time”. - 在所有國際賽事中，倒數計時必須用英語宣佈。
The countdown must be announced in English in all international competitions.
結束／出水程序
(End／Surface protocol)
- 運動員準備結束此單一個行動時，可推離泳池底部返回水面。
At the end of the attempt the athlete can push the bottom of the pool to emerge at the surface. - 當運動員的呼吸道出水，則立即進入此程序，而且開始計時20 秒。
Immediately upon surfacing of the airways of the athlete, the protocol and the 20 seconds counting starts. - 當運動員返回水面，必須在20 秒內面向位於泳池邊的裁判長 (Chief Judge) 完成「出水程序」 (傳統水下活動的「OK」手勢，即單手將大拇指和食指作出一個圓圈)。
When he is on the surface, during the count of 20 (twenty) seconds beginning after surfacing, the athlete must: complete the Surface Protocol (OK Sign of the conventional underwater activities such as two fingers making a circle) to the direction of the Chief Judge who will be on the deck of the pool. - 運動員在動態閉氣項目時，不可抓握泳池邊，必須保持漂浮狀態；在靜態閉氣 (STA) 以外的所有項目中，可在沒有其他外在協助的情況下，藉由抓握水道繩的方式獲得浮力。
The athlete is not allowed to hold the edge of the pool at dynamic disciplines and he must stay afloat, holding the lane line without necessitating external assistance for all disciplines except STA. - 如果出現意外碰觸情況 (並非扶住)，交由裁判長 (Chief Judge) 裁決。
Accidental touch (not hold), is up to the decision of Chief Judge. - 運動員在靜態閉氣 (STA) 項目中，可以扶在泳池邊。
The athlete is allowed to hold the edge of the pool at STA. - 運動員必須將頭部保持在水面以上。包括呼吸道以及耳部 (大概是耳部的中間位置) 到後腦的連線以上部位均保持在水面以上。
Keep the head over surface. The breathing airways and equivalent level of the sides (roughly from the middle of the ears) and continuing line through the back of the head must be over the water surface. - 執行「出水程序」時，運動員的頭部 (定義如上) 不可藉由接觸水道繩或接觸身體任何部位 (如手部、手臂等) 以獲得支撐/幫助。如果出現以上情況，則裁判將會要求戒護助理扶住/協助運動員， 這將導致此運動員被取消比賽資格 (DQ) 。
During the protocol, the athletes’ head (as defined above) must not be in contact with the lane line or with any part of body such as hands, arms etc. to get support/help from. If it is the case, the judge will ask the safety assistant to hold/help the athlete which leads to DQ decision. - 在CMAS 國際賽事中，出水程序之現場必須要有一名裁判長 (Chief Judge) (由CMAS 指派)，或一名助理裁判 (Assistant Judge) (由CMAS 指派以協助裁判長)，一名負責觀察比賽錄影的國家級裁判； 在其他賽事中 (私人比賽或國內賽等)，只要有裁判長 (Chief Judge) 和錄影裁判 (video Judge) 即可。
For the Surface Protocol in CMAS International Competitions, there has to be the Chief Judge (assigned by CMAS), or Assistant Judge (assigned by CMAS to assist to the Chief Judge) and National Judge responsible of video observation. In other competitions (private, national, etc.) Chief Judge and video Judge will be enough. - 裁判們在此單一個行動完成後的3 分鐘之內，將對成績出示最終判決；如果由於技術原因，無法在3 分鐘之內作出判決，為了避免打亂比賽的時間安排，裁判長 (Chief Judge) 可以決定在該場比賽結束後給出判決。
The judges will be present and give the final decision on the performance within 3 (three) minutes after the completion of the attempt. If it is technically impossible to reach a decision within three minutes the Chief Judge may decide to give the decision at the end of the current event, so as not to disrupt the competition’s timing. - 運動員可以在執行「出水程序」時講話，但禁止運動員助手講話。
The athlete can talk during the protocol but not the athlete’s assistant. - 如果運動員被競賽主辦單位之人員意外碰觸，則由裁判長 (Chief Judge) 裁決此行為是否定性為「協助」。
If the athlete is touched by the people from the organization accidentally, the last decision on this act whether it is help or not, will be made by the Chief Judge.
- 國際錦標賽必須要有錄影仲裁。
Video arbitration is mandatory for international championship. - 運動員在執行「出水程序」時和進行恢復的過程中，周圍人員和觀眾必須保持安靜，如有違反，裁判長 (Chief Judge) 可將比賽區域內的人員/隊員驅逐。
People around and spectators must remain calm and silent during athlete’s surface protocol and recovery. In the violation of this, the Chief Judge can decide to evict the people/team members from the competition area. - 如果運動員的國家代表、教練或者隊員喊叫或協助運動員， 將導致此運動員被取消比賽資格。
Any kind of screaming or help of the athlete’s national delegates, coaches or team members leads to the disqualification of the athlete.
判定牌
(The cards)
判定牌含義如下：
The meaning of the cards is as follows:
- 如果水面裁判判定一切正常，則技術代表將會向運動員出示白牌 (白色卡片)。
If everything is ok (with surface judge), the Technical Delegate will show the athlete a white card. - 如果出示黃色卡片則表示有問題出現，可能有判罰 (penalty) 或比賽成績無效 (DQ) 的問題；則運動員需要在比賽區域等候， 裁判經過慎重討論後，將於最多3 分鐘內給出最終判決 (如果在3 分鐘內無法得出判決，則將在該場比賽後給出判決)。
If a yellow card is shown which means something may have gone wrong; there might be a penalty or DQ issue then the athlete has to wait in the competition zone and judge will deliberate, they have maximum 3 minutes to give the final decision (if this 3 (three) minutes is not enough then they can give decision after the end of the event). - 如果出示紅色卡片，則表示運動員比賽成績無效 (DQ)。
If a red card is shown, the performance is not validated (DQ).
競賽項目的分組 和 排名
(Staging and classification of the event)
- 會有兩份出場順序，男子組和女子組分開進行，先進行女子組比賽 (除非在技術會議上另有決定)。
There will be two start lists for Men and Women separately and Women start first their attempts (unless otherwise is agreed in the technical meeting). - 運動員的出場順序可由隊長所寫下的運動員「個人最佳成績 (Personal best)」而決定；「個人最佳成績 (Personal best) 」是指在當時或前一年的官方賽事中成績。
The start list might be determined on the basis of the Personal best of the athletes given by the team captains at the inscription. With Personal best term, we mean an official competition result the current or the previous year - 由閉氣時間最短或距離最短的運動員先開始比賽，而時間最長或距離最長的運動員最後開始比賽 (在速度－耐力項目中，則是由游動時間最長的選手先開始比賽)。出場順序也可根據裁判長 (Chief Judge)的要求做更改。
The athletes with the shortest time or the shorter distance will compete first while the athlete with the longer time or longer distance will compete last (except in Speed-Endurance where the athletes with the longest time will compete first). This order might be changed according to the requirements by the Chief Judge. - 所有選手僅有一次機會。比賽結束後，比賽排名將會立即公佈。
All the competitors will make one attempt. At the end of this stage, a classification is established and made public immediately. - 如果出現成績相同情況，則運動員會被歸為「並列排名」。
In the case of a tie, the athletes will be classified “ex aequo”.
動態閉氣規則
(SPECIFIC RULES FOR DYNAMIC)
籌劃比賽
(Organization of the event)
泳池
(Swimming pool)
- 在游泳池舉行的自由潛水動態閉氣比賽，泳池長度必須是： 有蹼項目50 公尺，無蹼項目25 公尺或50 公尺，並且最小水深皆為1.20 公尺。
Competitions of Dynamic Free Diving in swimming pool must take place in a 50 meters swimming pool (with fins competition) and 25/50 (twenty five/fifty) meters (without fins competition), with a minimum depth of 1.20 (one point twenty) meters. - 測量必須經過CMAS 技術代表的驗證。
These measurements must be verified and validated by the CMAS Technical delegate.
比賽區域
(Competition area)
- 同一泳池最多可設置4 個比賽區域 (或：泳道)。在此情況下， 泳池兩側的邊道不可作為比賽場地。在CMAS 錦標賽、國際比賽和世界紀錄挑戰賽中，比賽泳道的兩側必須設有水道繩，並且水道繩必須距離池邊至少0.8 公分距離 (不允許從池邊出水)。
Up to 4 (four) competition areas may be installed in the same swimming pool. In this case, the two external lanes from each side of the pool are not allowed as competition areas. It is mandatory to have floating line on both sides of the competition area with a minimum distance of 0.80 cm from the edge (exit on the edge is not allowed) for CMAS championship, international competitions and world record recognition. - 當使用多條泳道比賽時，由抽籤決定運動員的比賽泳道，觀眾只能在觀眾席觀看比賽。
When multiple lanes are used, a lottery will define on which side competition area will be. Public will only be allowed in the tribune. - 為協助裁判正確執裁，在水面上應設置比賽的官方錄影機， 全面記錄運動員的比賽過程；同時如果技術上允許，水下應設置另一台錄影機。
In order to assist the judges in their decisions an official video of the event should be present recording all performance of the athlete at the surface, and if it is technically possible, another one for the underwater part. - 如果最靠近泳池邊的泳道不具備比賽條件，則可啟用相鄰泳道。
If the lane nearest to the pool’s edge has undesirable features for conducting the event, the next lane can be used. - 在泳池底，各距兩端池壁2 公尺處 (距離出發和轉身位置2 公尺處) ，分別設置一個寬為至少20 公分的「Ｔ」標記。
A “T” mark of at least 20 (twenty) cm width must be set out on the bottom of the swimming pool at a distance of two meters from the start and two meters before the turn. - 泳池中間必須設置25 公尺中線標誌線。
There must be a central line indicating the 25th (twenty fifth) meter of the pool.
出發區域
(Starting area)
- 泳池內、外必須有清晰的「出發區」標識。
The starting area must be clearly marked in and outside the pool. - 如果泳池的出發端深度超過1.40 公尺，出發端必須設置可供運動員站立的移動平臺。
If the starting zone of the pool is deeper then 1.40 (one point forty) meters then the competition site must be equipped with a mobile platform for the athlete to stand on.
測量工具
(The Measurement)
- 距離測量應取運動員呼吸道出水處為截點，透過放置在泳池邊緣的測量儀器來完成。
The measurement of the distance will be done from the point where athletes breathing airways are out of water and measurement will be done by a meter put on the edge of the pool. - 其它電子自動測量儀，須經CMAS 預先審核，或由主辦單位提出需求，經技術代表審核後，方可組裝使用。
Other systems of automatic electronic measurement, which have been approved in advance by CMAS or have been assembled after a request by the organizing federation and approved by the technical delegate, may be used.
暖身區
(Warm-up Area)
- 未預留給比賽使用的泳道均可用於暖身。
The rest of the lanes are devoted to warm-up. - 暖身區是為準備比賽的運動員而設，他們需要在檢錄裁判 (Warm-up Judge) 的指令下進入並作比賽準備。
The warm-up area is reserved for the athletes who prepare themselves for the competition under the orders of the Warm-up Judge.
運動員助手
(Athlete’s Assistant)
- 在比賽開始的最後三分鐘呼叫提示前，運動員身邊只能有一名助手；進入最後三分鐘的呼叫提示後，運動員身邊不准有人，助手必須離開比賽區域。裁判對助手只會發出一次「離開警告」。
The athlete may have only one assistant until the call of last three minutes, after the call of last three minutes no one is allowed. The assistant will leave the competition area. The judge will warn the assistant one time only. - 如果助手繼續逗留在比賽區域，則此項違規行為將導致運動員受到「常規處罰 (general penalty)」。
If the assistant continues to stay in the zone this violation leads to general penalty to the athlete. - 在發生技術問題時，只有裁判長 (Chief Judge) 可批准相關領隊參與討論。
Only the Chief Judge can allow the team representative to intervene in case of a technical problem.
執行比賽
(Conducting the com petition)
出發
(Start)
- 在所有項目的暖身期間，運動員均可將口部放在水下進行多次吐氣。
For any discipline the athlete can put his mouth under the water and can exhale several times during the warm up. - 出發前，運動員必須在出發端就開始閉氣，由身體或腳蹼的任何部分與池壁接觸。
The athlete must start the phase of apnea at the starting point, touching the wall of the pool with any part of the body or the fins. - 如果運動員在沒水過程中沒有觸壁，則允許其在呼吸道沒入水中後再觸壁。
He is allowed to touch the wall after breathing airways are immersed if he was not in contact with the wall during immersion. - 如果運動員在出發時沒有接觸出發端池壁，會受到「常規處罰 (general penalty)」。
If he fails to be in contact with the wall at starting, then a general penalty is applied. - 在每次轉身時，運動員必須用身體或腳蹼的任何一部份觸壁。
The athlete must necessarily touch the edge of the swimming pool at each turn with a part of his body or the fins (any part of the fins).
水平游動
(Horizontal Path)
- 比賽中，允許運動員除呼吸道以外的身體任何部分或裝備可露出水面。
During the performance, the equipment or any part of the body, but not the breathing airways can get out of the water surface. - 不准在水面游動，否則會受到「常規處罰 (general penalty)」。
Swimming at the surface is not allowed. Otherwise it is general penalty. - 比賽中，運動員必須在自己的泳道內行進，允許身體局部、但非全身越過泳道，否則受到「常規處罰 (general penalty)」。
The athlete must stay within the competition lane. If the full body is out of the competition lane then a general penalty is applied. Partial strays are allowed. - 當運動員呼吸道露出水面的那個點，作為計算完成距離的依據。
The final performance is measured from the point where the breathing airways are out of water. - 當運動員在池壁 (出發端或轉身端) 出水時，則對應以下三種情況進行測量：
If he wants to get out of water at the edges (start end turn walls) then 3 cases are possible:- 如果運動員在觸壁之前呼吸道出水，則呼吸道露出水面的那個點，作為計算完成距離的依據，其距離小於泳池長度的整數倍。
If the breathing airways are out before the athlete touches the wall, the measurement of the performance will be done from the point where the breathing airways are out of water and the final performance will be lower than the multiple of the pool length. - 如果運動員觸壁後出水，則距離為泳池長度的整數倍 (即，在50 公尺長泳池時的150 公尺、200 公尺；或者在25 公尺長泳池時的125 公尺、150 公尺或者175 公尺)。
If the athlete touches the wall and goes out, then the final performance will be an exact multiple of the pool length (i.e. 150m, 200m, etc… in 50m pools or 125m, 150m or 175m for example in 25m pool.) - 如果運動員觸壁後，身體伴隨肩部完成U 型轉身然後出水，則呼吸道露出水面的那個點，作為計算完成距離的依據，其距離大於泳池長度的整數倍。
If the athlete touches the wall, make a complete “U” turn with the shoulders and then emerges, the measurement of the performance will be done from the point where the breathing airways are out of water and the final performance will be higher than the multiple of the pool length.
- 如果運動員在觸壁之前呼吸道出水，則呼吸道露出水面的那個點，作為計算完成距離的依據，其距離小於泳池長度的整數倍。
出水
(Ascent)
- 當單一個行動結束時，運動員浮出水面時，官方指定助手可予其水面浮具以協助其扶在上面恢復。
At the end of the attempt, the official assistants may give the athlete, when he comes to the surface, a buoy which will help the athlete to recover while he holds it. - 運動員必須完成「出水程序」，比賽方可生效。
For his performance to be validated, the athlete must realize the End/Surface protocol. - 除非運動員陷入困境，否則在運動員完成「出水程序」前不得以任何理由或任何方式協助或碰觸運動員。
The athlete must not be helped or touched for any reason or in any way before the end of the surface protocol, unless he is in difficulty.
排名
(Classification)
- 比賽中的實際距離 (RD) 可小於或大於宣告距離 (PB)。
The realized distance (RD) can be less or more than the declared (PB). - 實際距離 (RD) 與宣告距離 (PB) 之間的任何差異，均不會受到任何處罰。
No penalty is applied for any difference between RD and declared PB. - 如果出現成績相同情況，則運動員會被歸為「並列排名」。
In the case of a tie, the athletes will be classified “ex aequo”.
靜態閉氣規則
(SPECIFIC RULES FOR STATIC)
籌劃比賽
(Organization of the event)
比賽區域
(Competition Area)
- CMAS 靜態閉氣錦標賽必須在游泳池舉行。
CMAS championships of static must take place in a swimming pool. - 泳池必須經CMAS 裁判長 (Chief Judge) 進行檢驗和認可。
The pool must be verified and validated by the CMAS Chief Judge.
- 泳池兩側泳道的其中一條或多條用於比賽，而剩下的泳道則留給負責戒護的助理戒護裁判 (assistant safety judges)。
One lane or more near the edge are used for the competition while the remaining lanes are reserved to assistant safety judges who ensure security. - 當使用多條泳道比賽時，由抽籤決定運動員的比賽區域，觀眾必須離開比賽區域。
When multiple lanes are used, the side of the competition area will be determined by drawing lots. Public will only be allowed out of the competition area.
- 為協助裁判正確執裁，在水面上必須設置比賽的官方錄影機， 全面記錄運動員單一個行動的全程，包括入水和「出水程序」。
In order to assist the judges in their decisions, an official video of the event is mandatory to be present at the surface, recording the total attempt of the athlete, including entry and exit protocol.
運動員助手
(Athlete’s Assistants)
- 運動員在進行單一個行動的過程中，只允許有一名助手在泳池邊或者池內進行協助。
The athlete may have only one personal assistant on the edge or in the pool to help him during the attempt. - 此助手可在比賽區域陪同運動員，但在運動員執行「出水程序」時，不可大喊、講話、觸碰或做出手勢進行協助或幫助。
This assistant can stay with the athlete at the competition area and in the pool but must not shout, talk, touch or make gestures to assist or help the athlete during OK Protocol.
計時員
(Time-keepers)
- 在「Top Time」之後，當運動員將呼吸道沒入水下時，計時員開始計時，當運動員的呼吸道露出水面時，停止計時。
The time-keepers start their stopwatches when the athlete immerses his respiratory ways, after the TOPTIME and stop them when the breathing airways emerges. - 單一個行動結束後，計時員必須立刻將碼錶所顯示的時間填寫於計時卡上，並交給計時長。同時，計時員要向主管裁判展示他們的計時碼錶。
Immediately after the attempt they must write down the time displayed by their stopwatches on the timing card which they hand over to the main timekeeper. At the same time, they show their stopwatches for control.
執行比賽
(Conducting the competition)
閉氣
(Apnea)
- 運動員在閉氣期間，由水面裁判監督。
During the apnea the athlete is under the supervision of surface judge. - 戒護控制程序包括在運動員閉氣期間，裁判定期與運動員透過觸摸的方式進行交流。
The safety control procedure consists in the judge communicating with the athlete by touch at regular time intervals during the apnea. - 裁判的信號及運動員的反應必須在單一個行動開始進行前達成一致。
The judge’s signal and the response of the athlete must be agreed by the two upon before the beginning of the attempt. - 第一個、第二個和第三個溝通信號應分別在閉氣宣告時間結束前1 分鐘、宣告時間結束前30 秒、以及宣告時間結束前15 秒時發出，最後一個信號是在到達宣告時間時發出。到達宣告時間以後 (如果閉氣時間超過賽前宣告時間)，則每隔15 秒發出一次信號。
The first signal should be given one minute before the declared time (announced performance), the second one 30 (thirty) seconds before the declared time and the third at the 15 (fifteen) seconds before the declared time and the last at the declared time. From there onwards (and also if the apnea goes on to times beyond the declared one) the signals are given at intervals of 15 (fifteen) seconds. - 如果閉氣的宣告時間不是30 秒的整數倍，則給出第一個信號的時間是以減去不足30 秒的時間為參考 (例如報名4 分20 秒，則以4 分為參考；或者報名時間為4 分45 秒，則以4 分30 秒為參考)， 從而決定第一個給出信號的時間。在單一個行動開始進行之前，助理裁判應將此資訊告知運動員。
If the declared time is not an integer multiple of half-minutes, the time for the first signal is obtained by truncating this time to the lower half-minute, anticipating thus the time of the first signal. This should be reminded to the athlete by the assistant judge just before the attempt. - 如果運動員沒有對助理裁判的信號做出適當的反應，裁判會再次觸碰運動員。如果運動員仍然不做出反應，裁判將會中斷比賽， 帶運動員浮出水面，並以暈厥 (BO) 處理，取消其比賽資格。
If the athlete does not respond to the assistant judge’s signal with the appropriate response the judge touches the athlete once more. If the athlete persists in not responding the judge interrupts the event and brings the athlete at the surface, disqualifying him due to BO.
出水
(Finishing)
- 在單一個行動結束時，除非運動員陷入困境，否則在運動員完成比賽程序前不得以任何原因或方式幫助或觸碰運動員。
At the end of the attempt, the athlete must not be helped or touched for any reason and in any form before his attempt completion procedure, unless he is in difficulty. - 運動員可以抓住泳池的水道繩或池壁。
The athlete can hold the line or the edge wall of the swimming pool. - 運動員必須完成「出水程序」，比賽方可生效。
For his performance to be validated, the athlete must realize theEnd/Surface protocol.
排名
(Classification)
- 運動員的實際閉氣時間將取所有計時員所記錄時間的平均值。
The realized time of the athlete is calculated as a mean between times record by the time keepers. - 作為排名依據的時間，是運動員閉氣的有效時間。
The time that will be used for the classification of the athletes is the effective time of the apnea. - 比賽中的實際時間 (RT) 可小於或大於宣告時間 (PB)。
The realized time (RT) can be less or more than the declared (PB) . - 實際時間 (RT) 與宣告時間 (PB) 之間的任何差異，均不會受到任何處罰。
No penalty is applied for any difference between RT and declared PB . - 如果出現成績相同情況，則運動員會被歸為「並列排名」。
In the case of a tie, the athletes will be classified “ex aequo”.
速度 & 耐力規則
(SPECIFIC RULES FOR SPEED AND ENDURANCE)
籌劃比賽
(Organization of the event)
比賽區域
(Competition area)
- 在泳池舉行的CMAS 速度－耐力自由潛水錦標賽必須在長50 公尺，深度最少1.40 公尺的泳池裡進行。
CMAS championships of speed-endurance Free Diving in swimming pools must take place in a 50 meters swimming pool, with a minimum depth of 1.40 (one point forty) meters. - 每條泳道都可以用來比賽。
Every lane can be used for the competition. - 在泳池底，各距兩端池壁2 公尺處 (距離出發和轉身位置2 公尺處)，分別設置一個寬為至少20 公分的「Ｔ」標記。
A “T” mark of at least 20 (twenty) cm width must be set out on the bottom of the swimming pool at a distance of two meters from the start and two meters before the turn. - 每條比賽泳道的兩端可設電子觸板。
There might be an electronic pad at the edges of each competition lane. - 進行速度－耐力項目時，運動員必須在水中準備就緒。
For speed-endurance Free Diving events the athletes must already be in the water. - 運動員需始終與池壁保持接觸，直到出發信號發出，呼吸道沒入水中後才開始碰觸池壁。
The athlete must have a contact with the pool wall up to the starting signal and immerse his breathing airways before start touch to the wall. - 當使用多條泳道比賽時，由抽籤決定運動員的比賽泳道，觀眾必須離開比賽區域。
When multiple lanes are used, the side of the competition area will be determined by drawing lots. Public will only be allowed out of the competition area. - 為協助裁判正確執裁，在水面上應設置比賽的官方錄影機， 全面記錄運動員單一個行動的全程，包括入水和「出水程序」。
In order to assist the judges in their decisions, an official video of the event should be present at the surface, recording the total attempt of the athlete, including entry and exit protocol.
泳道和轉身裁判
(Lane and Turning Judges)
- 每條泳道的裁判由裁判長 (Chief Judge) 統一安排。
They are nominated for each lane by the Chief Judge. - 這些裁判必須檢查運動員是否遵守規定進行轉身。
They must check whether the athlete has carried out his turn according to the rules. - 這些裁判需將任何違規的動作報告給裁判長 (Chief Judge)。
They report any rule violation to the Chief Judge.
計時員
(Time-Keepers)
- 電子計時板為主要計時裝置，但為了因應出現電子計時失靈情況，計時員須記錄其所負責泳道運動員的時間。
The primary time measurement is done by the electronic pad but for fail safe, the time-keepers record the times of the athletes for whom they are responsible. - 計時員在接受到開始信號時，開啟碼錶計時，並在運動員觸碰終點電子板 (最後觸碰電子板) 後停止計時。在單一個行動結束後， 計時員必須立刻將碼錶顯示的時間填寫於計時卡上，並交給計時長。同時，計時員將碼錶顯示時間拍照留存並向主管裁判展示碼錶。
At the signal for the start the time-keepers start their stopwatches and stop them when the athlete has touched the finishing pad. Immediately after the attempt they must write the time displayed by their stopwatches on the timing card which they hand over to the main time-keeper. At the same time, they take a photo and show their stopwatches for control. - 在距離100 公尺以上的比賽中，計時員負責記錄運動員的中間恢復休息時間。
They are responsible for the recording of the intermediate times in races of more than 100 meters’ distance. - 計時員同時也負責檢查運動員的轉身與最終結束是否遵守規則。
Their task is also to check that the turns and the finish are in accordance with the rules.
執行比賽 (Conducting the competition)
下潛出發
(Descent)
- 出發前，運動員必須由身體或腳蹼的任何部份與池壁碰觸， 並在離開池壁之前開始閉氣。
The athlete must start touching the wall of the pool with any part of the body or fins and begin the phase of apnea before he has disconnected from the wall.
- 運動員必須在每個轉身處用身體或者腳蹼任何部份觸碰池邊。
The athlete must necessarily touch the edge of the swimming pool at each turn with a part of his body or fins. - 運動員不可以在「Top Time (比賽正式開始時間)」之前出發， 否則他將會被判為「不當出發」。
The athlete can not start before the “Top Time” otherwise he will be declared in “False Start”.
水平游動
(Horizontal Path)
- 游動中，允許運動員除呼吸道以外的身體任何部份或裝備可露出水面。
During the rest of the horizontal path, only the equipment or any part of the body, but not the breathing airways can get out of the water surface. - 在速度－耐力比賽中，可在兩個相繼閉氣游動距離間 (每隔50 公尺) 進行休息恢復。
A time of recovery between successive apneas (every 50 m) in a speed-endurance event is allowed. - 當運動員到達泳道池壁時，不得在觸壁前呼吸。此條規則適用於所有的轉身和單一個行動結束時。
When the athlete comes to the end of the lane, he is not allowed to breathe before touching the wall. This is valid for all the turns and at the end of the attempt. - 運動員不准在水面游動，否則會受到「常規處罰」。
Swimming at the surface is not allowed. Otherwise it is general penalty.
出水
(Ascent)
- 運動員入水後，除非運動員陷入困境，否則在運動員完成比賽程序前不得以任何理由或任何方式協助或碰觸運動員。
Upon immersion the athlete must not be helped or touched for any reason and in any way before his performance completion procedure, unless he is in difficulty. - 運動員可以抓住泳池的水道繩或池壁。
The athlete can hold the line or the edge wall of the swimming pool. - 當單一個行動結束，回到水面後，運動員必須進行「出水程序」。
At the end of the attempt, back on the surface, the athlete has to make the surface protocol.
排名
(Classification)
- 比賽中的實際時間 (RT) 可小於或大於宣告時間 (PB)。
The realized time (RT) can be less or more than the declared (PB) . - 實際時間 (RT) 與宣告時間 (PB) 之間的任何差異，均不會受到任何處罰。
No penalty is applied for any difference between RT and declared (PB) . - 如果出現成績相同情況，則運動員會被歸為「並列排名」。
In the case of a tie, the athletes will be classified “ex aequo”.
作者 - Author
🇭🇰 JM CHEUNG
雙板滑雪教練 X 自由潛水教練 & 比賽裁判
NZSIA | AIDA & Molchanovs | AIDA
“享受雪地上的刺激；淘醉水面下的寧靜。”
冬天為「白雪」獻身，夏天為「大海」勞役。
